Research & Studies

UNLV Research
  • Selander, J., Cantor, A., Young, S. and Benyshek, D. (2013). Human Maternal Placentophagy: A Survey of Self-Reported Motivations and Experiences Associated with Placenta Consumption. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 52(2), pp.93-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2012.719356
  • Young, S., Gryder, L., David, W., Teng, Y., Gerstenberger, S., & Benyshek, D. (2016). Human placenta processed for encapsulation contains modest concentrations of 14 trace minerals and elements. Nutrition Research, 36(8), 872-878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2016.04.005
  • Young, S., Gryder, L., Zava, D., Kimball, D., & Benyshek, D. (2016). Presence and concentration of 17 hormones in human placenta processed for encapsulation and consumption. Placenta, 43, 86-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2016.05.00
  • Gryder, L., Young, S., Zava, D., Norris, W., Cross, C., & Benyshek, D. (2017). Effects of Human Maternal Placentophagy on Maternal Postpartum Iron Status: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health, 62(1), 68-79. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmwh.12549/full
  • Young, S., Gryder, L., Cross, C., Zava, D., Kimball, D. and Benyshek, D. (2018). Effects of placentophagy on maternal salivary hormones: A pilot trial, part 1. Women and Birth, 31(4), pp.e245-e257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2017.09.023
  • Young, S., Gryder, L., Cross, C., Zava, D., Kimball, D. and Benyshek, D. (2018). Placentophagy’s effects on mood, bonding, and fatigue: A pilot trial, part 2. Women and Birth, 31(4), pp.e258-e271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2017.11.004
  • Benyshek, D., Cheyney, M., Brown, J. and Bovbjerg, M. (2018). Placentophagy among women planning community births in the United States: Frequency, rationale, and associated neonatal outcomes. Birth. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12354
Jena University Research
  • Johnson, S., Groten, T., Pastuschek, J., Rödel, J., Sammer, U. and Markert, U. (2018). Human placentophagy: Effects of dehydration and steaming on hormones, metals and bacteria in placental tissue. Placenta, 67, pp.8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2018.05.006
Hormones
  • Baby blues - postpartum depression attributed to low levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone after placenta is gone - Brief Article. (1995, December). Discover Magazine.
  • Hendrick, V., Altshuler, L., & Suri, R. (1998). Hormonal Changes in the Postpartum and Implications for Postpartum Depression. Psychosomatics, 39(2), 93-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3182(98)71355-6
  • Magiakou, M. A., Mastorakos, G., Rabin, D., Dubbert, B., Gold, P. W., & Chrousos, G. P. (1996). Hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone suppression during the postpartum period: implications for the increase in psychiatric manifestations at this time. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 81(5), 1912-1917. http://dx.doi:10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626857
Lactation
  • Blank, M., & Friesen, H. (1980). Effects of placentophagy on serum prolactin and progesterone concentrations in rats after parturition or superovulation. Reproduction, 60(2), 273-278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0600273
  • Soykova-Pachnerova, E., Brutar, V., Golova, B., & Zvolska, E. (1954). Placenta as a Lactagogon. Gynaecologia; International monthly review of obstetrics and gynaecology, 138(6), 617-627
  • The Placenta as a Galactogogue. (1902). British Medical Journal, 1(2154), 909–917. Europepmc.org. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://europepmc.org/scanned?pageindex=1&articles=PMC2512108
Iron and Fatigue
  • Beard, J., Hendricks, M., Perez, E., Murray-Kolb, L., Berg, A., & Vernon-Feagans, L. et al. (2005). Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia Affects Postpartum Emotions and Cognition.Journal of Nutrition, 135(2), 267-272. Jn.nutrition.org. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://jn.nutrition.org/content/135/2/267.full
  • Bodnar, L., Cogswell, M., & McDonald, T. (2005). Have we forgotten the significance of postpartum iron deficiency?. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology, 193(1), 36-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.12.009
  • Bozoky, I., & Corwin, E. (2002). Fatigue as a Predictor of Postpartum Depression. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 31(4), 436-443. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://www.jognn.org/article/S0884-2175(15)33982-4/abstract
  • Corwin, E., Brownstead, J., Barton, N., Heckard, S., & Morin, K. (2005). The Impact of Fatigue on the Development of Postpartum Depression. Journal Of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 34(5), 577-586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0884217505279997
  • Corwin, E., Brownstead, J., Barton, N., Heckard, S., & Morin, K. (2005). The Impact of Fatigue on the Development of Postpartum Depression. Journal Of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 34(5), 577-586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0884217505279997
  • McCoy, B., Bleiler, R., & Ohlson, M. (1961). Iron Content of Intact Placentas and Cords. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 9(5), 613-615. Ajcn.nutrition.org. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/9/5/613.abstract
  • Verdon, F. (2003). Iron supplementation for unexplained fatigue in non-anaemic women: double blind randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ, 326(7399), 1124-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7399.1124
Nutrition and Benefits
  • Phuapradit, W., et. al. (2000). Nutrients and hormones in heat dried human placenta.Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 83(6), 690-694. Retrieved 27 Oct 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10932499
  • Schwering, T., Hoffman, M., Laudenslager, M., Kramer, A., Hankins, C., & Powell, T. (2017). 926: Placentophagy: comparison of plausible biologically active compounds that might support this practice. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 216(1), S527-S528. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(16)31814-2/fulltext
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